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Lake Van
Lake Van ((トルコ語:Van Gölü), (アルメニア語:Վանա լիճ, ''Vana lič̣''), (クルド語:Gola Wanê)) is the largest lake in Turkey, located in the far east of the country in the provinces of Van and Bitlis. It is a saline soda lake, receiving water from numerous small streams that descend from the surrounding mountains. Lake Van is one of the world's largest endorheic lakes (having no outlet). The original outlet from the basin was blocked by an ancient volcanic eruption. Although Lake Van is situated at an altitude of in a region with harsh winters, its high salinity prevents most of it from freezing, and even the shallow northern section is only occasionally an exception.〔The New Encyclopædia Britannica, (Lake Van )〕
==Hydrology and chemistry==
Lake Van is across at its widest point, averaging a depth of with a maximum recorded depth of . The lake surface lies above sea level and the shore length is . Lake Van has an area of and a volume of .〔
The western portion of the lake is deepest, with a large basin deeper than lying northeast of Tatvan and south of Ahlat. The eastern arms of the lake are shallower. The Van-Ahtamar portion shelves gradually, with a maximum depth of about on its northwest side where it joins the rest of the lake. The Erciş arm is much shallower, mostly less than , with a maximum depth of about .
The lake water is strongly alkaline (pH 9.7–9.8) and rich in sodium carbonate and other salts, which are extracted by evaporation and used as detergents.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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